Spring是java web开发中应用很广的java EE框架之一,它的主要思想是IOC(控制反转)和AOP(面向切面编程),它经常和struts、hibernate一起使用,合称ssh。
IOC控制反转
IOC也叫做DI(Dependency Injection,依赖注入)。传统程序中,如果要使用一个类,就要new一个对象Person p1 = new Person("Lily")
;而在Spring中是一种完全不同的方法,下面是个简单的例子(使用maven来管理jar包):
IDao.java:
package com.yeetrack.mavenSpring;
public interface IDao
{
public String sayHello(String name);
}
实现IDao接口,DaoImpl.java:
package com.yeetrack.mavenSpring;
public class DaoImpl implements IDao
{
public String sayHello(String name)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return "Hello, "+name;
}
}
新建业务接口,IService.java:
package com.yeetrack.mavenSpring;
public interface IService
{
public void sayHello(String name);
}
实现IService接口:
package com.yeetrack.mavenSpring;
public class ServiceImpl implements IService
{
private IDao dao; //定义一个IDao对象
public void sayHello(String name) //实现IService接口中的方法
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println(dao.sayHello(name));
}
public IDao getDao()
{
return dao;
}
public void setDao(IDao dao)
{
this.dao = dao;
}
}
下面在applicationContext.xml中配置ServiceImpl和DaoImpl:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd"
default-autowire="byName">
<!-- DAO对象 -->
<bean id="daoImpl" class="com.yeetrack.mavenSpring.DaoImpl"></bean>
<!-- Service对象 -->
<bean id="service" class="com.yeetrack.mavenSpring.ServiceImpl">
<!-- 设置dao属性 -->
<property name="dao" ref="daoImpl"></property>
</bean>
OK,现在配置完成,我们可以通过applicationContext来获取ServiceImpl实例了。在贴出自己的pom.xml文件内容:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http:// maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>
<artifactId>mavenSpring</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>mavenSpring Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>mavenSpring</finalName>
</build>
</project>
测试我们配置的applicationContext文件,新建SpringTest.java文件:
package com.yeetrack.mavenSpring;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//获取ApplicationContext容器,会默认寻找classpath路径,如果没找到xml文件,也可以手动指定applicationContext.xml文件的路径
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
IService hello = (IService) context.getBean("service");
hello.sayHello("Good Day!");
}
}
OK,运行即可。在代码运行时,spring会根据applicationContext.xml文件的配置来加载相应的java bean,并通过反射机制调用getter和seter方法设置bean之间的依赖。
java Spring框架IOC(控制反转)
java Spring框架AOP(面向切面编程)
版权声明
本站文章、图片、视频等(除转载外),均采用知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议(CC BY-NC-SA 4.0),转载请注明出处、非商业性使用、并且以相同协议共享。
© 空空博客,本文链接:https://www.yeetrack.com/?p=14
近期评论